Research 4 different types of film

Researching American/UK blockbusters and American/UK independent films

Film 1 American blockbuster: Alice in Wonderland [2010]

• Plot: 19 year-old Alice returns to the magical world from her childhood adventure, where she reunites with her old friends and learns of her true destiny...to end the Red Queen's reign of terror.
• Budget: The film had a budget of $150-$200 million.
• Stars: Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Helena Bonham Carter, Mia Wasikowska, Stephen Fry and Alan Rickman.
• Genre: Adventure, family and fantasy.
• Box office: Alice in Wonderland earned $334,191,110 in North America as of July 8th 2010, and $691,276,000 in other territories as of July 10th 2011, for a worldwide total of $1,025,467,110. Worldwide it is the third highest-grossing film starring Johnny Depp and the highest-grossing film directed by Tim Burton, in addition to being the second highest-grossing children's book adaption worldwide. On its first weekend the film made $220.1 million worldwide. Wonderland dominated for three consecutive weekends at the worldwide box office. On May 26th 2010, on its 85th day of release, it became the sixth film ever to surpass the $1 billion-mark, and the second film produced and released by Walt Disney Studios that did so.
• Production: The film was distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, and filmed at Walt Disney Pictures, Roth Films, The Zanuck Company and Team Todd.
• Certificate: Rated PG for fantasy action/violence, involving scary images and situations, and for a smoking Caterpillar.
• Marketing: On June 22nd 2009, the first pictures from the film were released, showing Depp as the Mad Hatter, Hathaway as the White Queen, Bonham Carter as the Red Queen and Matt Lucas as Tweedledee and Tweedledum. A new image of Alice was also released. On July 22nd 2009, a teaser trailer from the Mad Hatter's point of view was released on IGN, but was shortly taken down because Disney claimed that the trailer was not supposed to be out yet. At ComicCon, props from the film were displayed in an Alice in Wonderland exhibit. The costumes featured included the Red Queen's dress, chair, wig, spectacles and scepter; the White Queen's dress, wig and a small model of her castle; the Mad Hatter's suit, hat, wig, chair and table; Alice's dress and battle armor. Other famous props were also included to promote the film amongst fans of the genre.
• Release date: On February 12th 2010, major UK cinema chains Odeon, Vue and Cineworld had planned to boycott the film because of a reduction of the interval between cinema and DVD release from the usual 17 weeks to 12. A week after the announcement, Cineworld, who has a 24% share of UK box office, chose to play the film on more than 150 screens. Cineworld's chief executive Steve Wiener stated, "As leaders in 3D, we did not want the public to miss out on such a visual spectacle". Shortly after, the Vue cinema chain also reached an agreement with Disney, but Odeon had still chosen to boycott in Britain, Ireland and Italy. On February 25th 2010, Odeon had reached an agreement and decided to show the film on March 5th 2010. The film was released in the US and UK, in both Disney Digital 3D and IMAX 3D, as well as regular theaters on March 5th 2010.
• Reception: Outside of North America, Wonderland is the twelfth highest-grossing film, the highest-grossing 2010 film, the fourth highest-grossing Disney film, the second highest-grossing film starring Johnny Depp and the highest-grossing film directed by Tim Burton. The film received generally mixed reviews. Critic website Rotten Tomatoes reports that 51% of critics have given the film a positive review based on 263 reviews, with an average score of 5.7/10. Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average score out of 1-100 reviews from film critics, has a rating score of 53, based on 38 reviews.

Film 2 British blockbuster: Skyfall [2012]

• Plot: Bond's loyalty to M is tested when her past comes back to haunt her. Whilst MI6 comes under attack, 007 must track down and destroy the threat, no matter how personal the cost.
• Budget: The budget for the film was an estimated $150-200 million.
• Stars: Daniel Craig, Javier Bardem, Ralph Fiennes and Judi Dench.
• Genre: Action, adventure and thriller.
• Box office: Skyfall has earned a total of $1.1 billion at the box office worldwide, is the highest grossing film for Sony Pictures worldwide, and the 2nd highest grossing film of 2012. On its opening weekend, it earned $80.6 million from 25 markets. Meanwhile in the UK, the film grossed £20.1 million on its opening weekend. After 40 days of release the total UK gross stood at £94.2 million. By December 30th 2012, it became the first film to gross more than £100 million ($161.6) in the UK.
• Production: Production of Skyfall was suspended throughout 2010 because of MGM's financial troubles. They resumed pre-production following MGM's exit from bankruptcy on 21st December 2010 and in January 2011, the film was officially given a release date of 9th November 2012 by MGM and the Broccoli family, with production scheduled to start in late 2011. Subsequently MGM and Sony Pictures announced that the UK release date would be brought forward to 26th October 2012, two weeks ahead of the US release date, which remained scheduled for 9th November 2012.
• Certificate: The film was rated PG-13 for intense violent sequences throughout, some sexuality, language and smoking.
• Marketing: Skyfall raises the bar for onscreen product placement, from 007's Tom Ford-tailored suits to Q's Sony Vaio hardware, as well as offscreen alliances ranging from Coke Zero to perfume retailers. Upmarket car brand, Aston Martin, contributed to the marketing, underlining UK heritage. A joint campaign with VisitBritain, resulted in a film to hawk British tourism to international audiences through viral and print advertising, in addition to its first ever cinema ad, all united under the slogan "Bond is Great ... Britain". The Skyfall marketing posters chiefly highlighted the 007 brand, and did not name its star cast or A-list director, Sam Mendes. Skyfall's marketing has primarily been aimed at reassuring the traditional audience that they haven't been forgotten.
• Release Date: The premiere of Skyfall was on 23rd October 2012 at the Royal Albert Hall in London. The film was released in the UK three days later on 26th October and into US cinemas on 8th November. Production of Skyfall was suspended throughout 2010 and finally released in 2012.
• Reception: The film received generally positive reviews from critics. On critic website Rotten Tomatoes, 295 reviewers judged the film at 92%, with the majority of reviews being positive. The film also scored 81/100 on Metacritic, based on 43 reviews. The Daily Telegraph's film reviewer, Robbie Collin, considered Skyfall to be "often dazzling, always audacious". The film won several accolades, including the BAFTA Awards for Outstanding British Film and Best Film Music; the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Stunt Ensemble in a Motion Picture; and was nominated for five Academy Awards, of which it won two. Adele's theme song won Best Original Song, in addition to the song also winning Best Original Song at the Golden Globe Awards.

Film 3 US independent: (500) Days of Summer [2009]

• Plot: An offbeat romantic comedy about a woman who doesn't believe true love exists, and the young man who falls for her.
• Budget: The film cost $7.5 million to produce, earning $60.7 million worldwide in the box office.
• Stars: Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Zooey Deschanel and Chloë Grace Moretz.
• Genre: Comedy, romance and drama.
• Box office: By September 8th, the film had taken $1.9 million from 318 screens in the United Kingdom, after its September 2nd release in UK and Ireland. The film was regarded as a successful 5-day opening by Fox Searchlight, earning around half as much as the science-fiction blockbuster District 9, which took $3.5 million. As of February 25th 2010 the film had grossed $32,391,374 in the US and Canada, with a total of $60,722,734 worldwide. The DVD and Blu-ray Disc release sold 759, 081 copies as of October 2010, earning $11,382,604 in consumer revenue.
• Production: The film was distributed by Fox Searchlight Pictures and premiered at the 2009 Sundance Festival.
• Certificate: The film was rated PG-13 for the use of sexual material and language.
• Marketing: To help promote the film, Gordon-Levitt and Deschanel starred in the debut episode of Microsoft Zune and Mean Magazine's "Cinemash" series. The director of the film, Marc Webb, created a music video as a companion piece to the film, titled "The Bank Heist". The video features Gordon-Levitt and Deschanel dancing to "Why Do You Let Me Stay Here?", a song by Deschanel's folk group, She & Him.
• Release date: The film made its debut at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. It proved to be a huge success, receiving a standing ovation from the festival crowds. The Europe premiere was shown at Switzerland's opening of the 62nd Locarno Film Festival. Filmed independently, the film was picked up for distribution by Fox Searchlight Pictures and opened in US and Canadian limited release on July 17th 2009, later expanding to wide release in the US on August 7th 2009. The UK and Ireland release was on September 2nd 2009, and opened in Australia on September 17th 2009.
• Reception: Based on over 200 professional reviews, it obtained a "certified fresh" seal on Rotten Tomatoes, with an approval rating of 87% and an average score of 7.6/10. At the websites year-end "Golden Tomato Awards", the film was honored with the best reviewed films of 2009 and placed 2nd in the romantic category. The film received the 2009 Satellite Award for Best Original Screenplay and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Screenplay, in addition to nominations at the 67th Golden Globe Awards for Best Picture and Best Actor. Peter Travers of Rolling Stone gave the film three and a half stars out of four. He wrote, "Boy meets girl, boy loses girl. It's been done to emo death. That's why the sublimely smart-sexy-joyful-sad (500) Days of Summer hits you like a blast of pure romantic oxygen" and concludes "(500) Days is otherwise a different kind of love story: an honest one that takes a piece out of you".

Film 4 UK independent: Kick-Ass [2010]

• Plot: Dave Lizewski is an unnoticed high school student and comic book fan who one day decides to become a super-hero, even though he has no powers, training or meaningful reason to do so.
• Budget: The films budget was $28 million. The films director and producer, Matthew Vaughn completely funded the film before Lionsgate secured domestic rights.
• Stars: Aaron Johnson, Chloe Gracë Moretz, Mark Strong and Nicolas Cage.
• Genre: Action and comedy.
• Box office: The film earned over $12 million internationally, in advance of opening in the US. On its debut weekend in the US, it took $19.8 million in 3065 theaters, averaging $6,469 per theater. The films final gross in the US was $48,071,303 and $48,117,600 outside of the US, with a worldwide gross of $96,188,903. The film was listed among the most pirated films of 2010, and was illegally downloaded over 11.4 million times, second only to blockbuster hit Avatar.
• Production: The film was distributed by Universal Pictures and Lionsgate.
• Certificate: Rated R for strong brutal violence throughout, pervasive language, sexual content, nudity and some drug use - some involving children. The film received a 15 rating from the BBFC. Director Matthew Vaughn felt the 15 certificate was about right, and expressed some surprise at the film having received a "PG rating" in France.
• Marketing: Online marketing was paramount in the promotion of the film. Blogs and message boards were raving about the film, even before its release. In January 2010, an uncensored preview clip of the film was attacked by family advocacy groups for its display of violence, delivered by Chloë Grace Moretz, who was eleven years old at the time of filming. Several critics accused the film of glorifying violence, claiming that Hit-Girl was "made to look as seductive as possible". The use of a minor swearing and killing people reflected a negative tone to the film, with many critics debating the topic. Christopher Mintz-Plasse (Red-Mist) expressed surprise that people were angry about the language, but did not seem to be offended that Hit-Girl kills many people.
• Release date: Kick-Ass was released in the UK on the 26th March 2010, and 16th April 2010 in the US. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on 3rd August 2010 in North America as well as on PSP two weeks after the DVD and Blu-ray release. This version does not contain the aforementioned deleted content. Selling 1.4 million units within its first week, one-third of these in Blu-ray format, Kick-Ass debuted at number one on the DVD sales chart. The discs were released in the United Kingdom on 6 September 2010.
• Reception: Kick-Ass received mostly positive reviews from critics. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 77% approval rating with an average rating of 7.1/10 based on 243 reviews. Despite having generated some controversy for its profanity and violence performed by a child, Kick-Ass was well received by both critics and audiences. The film has gained a strong cult following since its release on DVD and Blu-ray. A sequel titled Kick-Ass 2 was released in August 2013, with Taylor-Johnson, Mintz-Plasse, and Moretz reprising their roles.

The Family

The Family is a French film directed by Luc Besson and produced by Martin Scorsese.

It was released in 2013 and is based around a novel written by Tonino Benacquista.

The film stars Robert De Niro, Michelle Pfeiffer and Tommy Lee Jones, following a mafia family under a witness protection programme that wants to change their lives.

The film cost $30 million to make and market, with the first week of release earning $14 million dollars, debuting at number 2 at the American box office, behind Insidious Chapter 2. The current earning of the film stands at $36 million (Nov 2013). However in the UK the film has only been released for a week, therefore will continue to earn money. DVD copies and merchandising of the film will also gain a profit to increase the already $6 million profit.

FM1: Creative Project

Aims and context

• Film/video production.
• Thriller/horror short.
• Target audience of mixed gender, aged 25-45, A/B/C1/C2 in the socio-economic class model, with a wide knowledge about films.
• Apply cinematography techniques developed from the thriller and horror genre. Using common conventions throughout.
• Explore codes and conventions of the genres and apply theoretical work on gender.

Short reflective analysis - 265 words

In groups we were given the task to each make a short film based on either the horror genre or film noir genre. My group was given the film noir genre.

After researching the genre in more depth we discussed our ideas for the film and made a storyboard including camera angles, shot type, mise-en-scene, lighting, editing, sound and action of the characters. We found this easier when it came to shooting as we had a clearer idea of what we wanted to achieve, in addition to being able to change small features to improve the film.

Within the group we each assigned ourselves with different job roles including actors, editors and camera operators. My main role was to film the shots. We found this easier as we each knew what was expected of us, which saved time when it came to shooting and editing. A criticism is that we spent too long planning the story and not enough time shooting, which would be improved if we were to make the film again.

Our film contained some compositionally good shots, including a shot where the femme fatale character  is walking down a set of stairs with a shadow of her silhouette projected onto the wall. We aimed to include many features of film noir mise-en-scene, including spiral stairs, low key lighting, shadows and the classic love/murder narrative.

In conclusion, our film had some good feedback and contained compositionally correct shots. If we were to make the film again then we would spend less time planning the story and more time shooting the scenes and editing.

Sarah Davis

The Shining scene analysis

In this essay I will be analysing two scenes from the 1980 Stanley Kubrick adaption of the psychological horror film, The Shining. I will be commenting on the camera, lighting, mise-en-scene, sound, editing and performance. I will also comment on how the specific techniques are related to the horror genre conventions. Also discussing possible meanings, whilst giving a personal response.

"Here's Johnny" scene

In this scene, Jack is breaking through the door with an axe, and there are many different features, typical of the horror genre. For example, the non-diegetic sound which creates tension for the viewer, in ways which foreshadows what is about to happen, as the viewer is aware that the drama is reaching its climax.
The lighting inside of the hotel is high key, however common lighting of the horror genre is low key. Which is challenging the convention. Showing that the inside is warm and the outside is cold, supported by the fact that the inside is in colour, with warm lighting, and the outside is cold, with low key lighting and a blue tint, with connotations of coldness. This challenges the convention, as high key lighting locations are often seen as a safe place to be. Wendy clearly knows her attacker, however in most horror films, the lighting is low key and the victims do not know their killer, retaining a sense of mystery.
The camera shots are mainly eye level, showing a sense of realism, allowing the viewer to feel like they are there in the situation. The speed of the editing is neither fast nor slow, with straight cuts, showing that the scene is happening at the same time.
The sound within the scene, contains non-diegetic instrumental sound, to build suspense, which increases in momentum when Jack smashes through the door with the axe. The noise is also diegetic, with Wendy's screams being heard for the majority of the scene. However, there is not much speech, making it more effective when there is, for example, when Jack says the iconic line "Here's Johnny".  These aspects of sound made me curious as what was going to happen next.
Jack is wearing a red jacket, which he had been wearing for the majority of the film, in addition to his young son, Danny, wearing red clothes, with connotations of blood and violence. The clothing that he wears, resembles that of a lumberjack, as he is wearing a checkered shirt, and is carrying an axe. Jack's facial hair (stubble) and unkept hair shows signs of cabin fever, proving his mental stability is decreasing. The axe that he is holding at the beginning of the scene and throughout the scene, is a common convention of the horror genre, associating with blood and violence. Wendy's wedding ring on her left hand is apparent for the majority of the scene, for example when she it attempting to escape out of the window, symbolising her marriage to Jack, but he has obviously turned corrupt. Also, when she is holding the knife, her left hand is infront of her right, showing off the ring. Jack's wedding ring is not shown in the scene, proving that his commitment to her is not apparent anymore. The facial expression of Jack is also a contributing factor, showing his mental state has declined, as when he knocks on the door, his tongue is partly out of his mouth, with jittery eye movements. He makes reference to the a childrens story, "Come out, come out, wherever you are" and "Then I'll huff, and I'll puff, and I'll blow your house in". Suggesting that he is making a game out of the situation. This personally gave me more information that the film is part of the horror genre. This is a convention of the horror genre, as murders in horror films often turn killing into some sort of game of play. Wendy helps Danny to escape, sacrificing herself, telling Danny to run away and save himself, showing that she has elements of a hero, according to Propp's theory.
The part where Wendy helps Danny to escape from the window, then attempts to escape herself, is emulated in the 2009 adaption of My Bloody Valentine. Where the characters are trapped in a similar situation. This shows that this scene has become iconic throughout the years, and is still influencing modern day cinema. However, the outcome is different and more violent, showing that the tolerance of violence in people has increased.

Hallway scene

In this scene, Danny is riding his tricycle through the hotels corridors. The beginning is an establishing shot, of the hotel, proving the isolation. He then continues to ride along the corridors of the hotel, until reaching room 237. This scene does not contain many conventions of the horror genre, but does have aspects. After watching this scene, I did not feel scared, but more curious.

Danny riding through the corridors on his tricycle, has only parts of non-diegetic noise, when he is approaching and attempts to open the door to room 237. Creating a suspense, telling the viewer that room 237 has a part to play in the rest of the film. The music at this part, increases in volume and tenseness, as he grows closer to the room, with a more eerie feel to it, which made me feel suspenseful and unsure as to what would happen next. There is no diegetic speech in the scene, only the noise of the tricycle wheels riding along on the carpet/wooden floor. Proving the loneliness of the hotel.

The lighting is natural, via artificial light. It is neither high key nor low key, showing a sense of realism. Comparing the warmness of inside the hotel to the outdoors, which is cold and low key lighting, as shown at the start of the scene. The usual lighting convention of horror is low key lighting, however this particular scene challenges this theory, in fact, the majority of the film does. The opening section of the scene shows a mountain in the background with snow around, proving the location and its isolation from the outside world. I personally did not feel scared, as the lighting is high key, however the non-diegetic music did create tension.

Danny is wearing red, which is typical of him throughout the whole film, as he is often wearing red clothing, very similar to his Father, who both have hallucinations, testing the mental state of the both of them. This is foreshadowing the future events, with connotations of violence, even though he is only a child. The fact that Danny is riding a tricycle, shows that he still has his innocence as a child.  Danny's facial expressions show that he is scared, as when he stops outside of the room, he begins to breath heavier, as he knows that there is something strange about the room, which is followed by his curiosity when he attempts to enter. His movements towards the door are slow and nervous, with him cautiously looking up each end of the corridor. Even after failing to open the door, he feels a greater presence (convention of the horror genre) simply by touching the door handle, and his actions increase in speed, as he cycles down the hallway faster than before.
The camera angle is a tracking shot, with The Shining being the first film to use handheld camera stabilization so extensively and effectively, especially in this particular scene. The low angle that it is filmed from is at Danny's eye level, and makes the viewer feel that they are almost chasing Danny through the corridors, suggesting a greater presence, which is involved later on in the film. The symmetry of the hallways is typical of director Stanley Kubrick's work, with everything in perfect placing, for example, the pattern on the carpet is symmetrical. When Danny is outside of room 237, he is looking up at the door number, showing that the door has a power over him and is important in the future of the film, as the camera is a low angle, almost from Danny's point of view.

In conclusion, The Shining has many conventions of the horror genre, but also challenges the genre in aspects such as lighting. There are iconographies which are very common in horror films, such as the axe/knife, and the tense suspenseful music. The editing for both scenes are very natural, giving the film a sense of realism, even when reaching its climax. Overall, these two scenes did not make me feel scared, as the editing was not fast, but the music did contribute towards me being nervous and anxious to see what happens next. In addition to the performance of the characters, which in my opinion were played very well, with their personalities being clearly shown through diegetic sound and actions. The Shining has many common genre conventions, but in my personal opinion, there could have been more common conventions of the horror genre added into the film, to emphasise that the film is in fact a horror, as after first watching the film and these particular scenes, I personally would not class the film as a horror.

1, 523 words
Sarah Davis

The Untouchables scene analysis

The Untouchables:

1.      First part of shoot out scene.

·         Camera – Long shot. Establishing shot, showing the location. Framing of the large clock and characters, showing the importance. Main character is high up with a low camera angle, showing his power over everybody else. Woman and baby are shown from a high camera angle, showing their defencelessness and vulnerability.

·         Lighting – High key lighting.

·         Editing – Normal length cuts, showing realism.

·         Mise-en-scene – Clothing establishes the era, suits and hats. Main character is wearing a grey suit, showing that he is not all evil and has a sense of morality. Woman character is wearing a red coat, showing the danger, which is about to come, she also stands out of the crowd.

·         Sound – Diegetic sound of a baby crying. Diegetic speech. Diegetic tannoy and footsteps. Non diegetic sound, creating suspense. Non diegetic music has a childlike feel to it, suggesting the innocence of the child.

2.      Tension mounts.

·         Camera – Close up of the clock, indicating that he is running out of time and something is about to happen.

·         Lighting – High key lighting.

·         Editing – Normal length, showing realism.

·         Mise-en-scene – Baby begins to cry as the villains walk in. Bandage over mans nose and bruised face indicates that he is a villain, in addition to a close up/extreme close up of him and tense music.

·         Sound – Non diegetic sound of the childlike music and other instrumental music building tension.

3.      Shooting begins.

·         Camera – Low angle of the main character to show that he has power of the fight and will he heroic in saving the baby. When the main character has a gun pointed at another character, the camera angle is high, showing his lack of power.

·         Lighting – High key lighting.

·         Editing – Slow motion when the shooting begins and the baby’s pram rolls down the stairs. Parallel shots.

·         Mise-en-scene – Close up on the handle of the child’s pram as the main character lets go, building tension and foreshadows what is going to happen. The bookkeeper is wearing circular glasses, a bowler hat, a grey suit and has a moustache, showing his wealth. Villain is sweating, showing the pressure that he is under and that her is perhaps scared. Villainous characters are wearing black clothes, leather gloves and have cigarettes, with connotations of crime and gangs.

·         Sound – Woman is muted when shouting “my baby” and is in slow motion, showing her pleas are being ignored as the other characters are occupied fighting. Not much speech whilst fighting. 

Haywire scene analysis

Haywire:

1.      Blue reflection on the car window.

·        Camera – Close-up of characters’ face and shoulders.

·        Lighting – Blue reflections are connotations of calm, coldness or sadness.

·        Editing – Slightly slower cuts.

·        Mise-en-scene – Tree reflection in the window…isolated location?

·        Sound – Non diegetic instrumental, ominous feel, isolated.

2.      Broken glass on the floor and close up of a dead body.

·        Camera – Worms eye view/close-up. Shallow depth of field drawing attention to the glass and the body, concealing identities. Dutch angle when the female character is in the bathroom, showing that she may be the murderer or have something to hide.

·        Lighting – Low key, yellow tint with connotations of happiness.

·        Editing – Parallel editing, showing that the two scenes are happening at the same time.

·        Mise-en-scene – Female character is shown having a shower, possibly cleaning the evidence from her crime. Clothes and a women’s shoe on the floor, showing that she may be a dangerous female/femme fatale. Close-up on the male’s phone (Blackberry), showing the male could be a businessman. Female character has a cut on her thumb, linking back to the male’s murder. She is wearing a hat, concealing her identity.

·        Sound – Non diegetic, long drawn out notes.

3.      Woman phones man and he answers phone.

·        Camera – High angle then low angle, showing his lack of power and then his rise to power once answering the phone. Backwards tracking.

·        Lighting – Half of his face is in shadow, showing that he may be untrustworthy.

·        Editing – Straight cuts, parallel editing.

·        Mise-en-scene – Male is wearing formal clothes, showing he may be wealthy or in a position of power.

·        Sound – Non diegetic music, diegetic speech

4.      House.

·        Camera – Low camera angle, showing the importance of the house.

·        Lighting – Low key lighting. The house is well lit. The characters identity is initially slightly concealed by light. House is well lit inside, showing that it may be a safe place.

·        Editing – Straight cuts.

·        Mise-en-scene – No other light sources, showing the location could be isolated.

·        Sound – Non-diegetic instrumental music. Diegetic phone ringing.

5.      Woman walking down the street.

·        Camera – Tracking shot in front and behind her. Point of view shot. Tracking from behind, allowing the viewer to feel like they are following her, feeling more involved in the storyline.

·        Lighting – Even outdoors, the lighting is still fairly low key.

·        Editing – Straight cuts, sense of realism.

·        Mise-en-scene – Clothing disguises her face and she blends in with her surroundings. Location is in a foreign country as the car licence plates are reversed.

·        Sound – Diegetic bleeping noise, making the viewer aware of the danger, that she is being followed.